Friday, August 21, 2020

Syllabus of Vtu Chem Engg Essay Example

Prospectus of Vtu Chem Engg Essay Fourier arrangement Convergence and dissimilarity of unending arrangement of positive terms, definition and illustrative examples* Periodic capacities, Dirichlet’s conditions, Fourier arrangement of occasional elements of period and self-assertive period, half range Fourier arrangement. Complex type of Fourier Series. Pragmatic symphonious examination. Hours UNIT-2 Fourier Transforms Infinite Fourier change, Fourier Sine and Cosine changes, properties, Inverse changes 6 Hours UNIT-3 Application of PDE Various potential arrangements of one dimensional wave and warmth conditions, two dimensional Laplace’s condition by the technique for detachment of factors, Solution of every one of these conditions with determined limit conditions. D’Alembert’s arrangement of one dimensional wave condition. 6 Hours UNIT-4 Curve Fitting and Optimization Curve fitting by the strategy : 25 03 100 y = hatchet + b, y = a x 2 + b x + c, = ae bx of least , y = hatchet b squares-Fi tting of bends of the structure Optimization: Linear programming, numerical detailing of direct programming issue (LPP), Graphical technique and simplex strategy. 7 Hours PART-B UNIT-5 Numerical Methods 1 Numerical Solution of logarithmic and supernatural conditions: Regula-falsi strategy, Newton Raphson technique. Iterative techniques for arrangement of an arrangement of conditions: Gauss-seidel and Relaxation strategies. Biggest eigen esteem and the relating eigen vector by Rayleigh’s power strategy. 6 Hours UNIT-6 Numerical Methods †2 Finite contrasts: Forward and in reverse contrasts, Newton’s forward and in reverse introduction formulae. Separated contrasts Newton’s isolated distinction recipe, Lagrange’s addition equation and reverse interjection recipe. Numerical joining: Simpson’s 33%, three-eighth and Weddle’s rules (All formulae/rules without evidence) 7 Hours UNIT-7 Numerical Methods †3 Numerical arrangements of PDE †limited contrast guess to subordinates, Numerical arrangement of two dimensional Laplace’s condition, one dimensional warmth and wave conditions 7 Hours UNIT-8 Difference Equations and Z-Transorms Difference conditions: Basic definition; Z-changes †definition, standard Z-changes, damping rule, moving principle, introductory worth and last worth hypotheses. Converse Z-change. Use of Z-changes to tackle contrast conditions. 6 Hours Note: * For the situation of illustrative models, questions are not to be se t. Reading material: 1. B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Latest version, Khanna Publishers. 2. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Latest version, Wiley Publications. Reference Books: 1. B. V. We will compose a custom exposition test on Syllabus of Vtu Chem Engg explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Syllabus of Vtu Chem Engg explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Syllabus of Vtu Chem Engg explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Ramana, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Latest version, Tata Mc. Graw Hill Publications. 2. Diminish V. O’Neil, Engineering Mathematics, CENGAGE Learning India Pvt Ltd. Distributers. Energy TRANSFER Subject Code No. of Lecture Hours/Week Total No. of Lecture Hours : 10CH32 : 04 : 52 PART †A UNIT 1: Fluid Statics and its Applications: Concept of unit tasks, Concept of Momentum Transfer, Nature of liquids and weight idea, Variation of weight with tallness †hydrostatic harmony, Barometric condition, Measurement of liquid weight †manometers. Ceaseless gravity decanter, Centrifugal decanter. Hours UNIT 2: Fluid stream marvels: Types of liquids †shear pressure and speed angle connection, Newtonian and non †Newtonian liquids, Viscosity of gases and fluids. Sorts of stream †laminar and fierce stream, Reynolds stress, Eddy thickness. Stream in limit layers, Reynolds number, Boundary layer detachment and wake development. 6 Hours UNIT 3: Basic conditions of liquid stream: Average speed, Mass speed, Continuity condition, Euler and Bernoulli conditions, Modified conditions for genuine liquids with remedy factors. Siphon work in Bernoulli condition. Precise force condition. 6 Hours UNIT 4: Flow of incompressible liquids in channels and slight layer: Laminar move through round and non-roundabout conductors. Hagen Poiseuille condition, Laminar progression of non-newtonian fluids, Turbulent stream in pipes and shut channels, Friction factor graph. Erosion from alter in speed or course. Structure contact misfortunes in Bernoulli condition. Stream of liquids in slender layers. 6 Hours PART †B UNIT 5: Flow of compressible liquids: Continuity condition, Concept of Mach number, Total vitality balance, Velocity of sound, Ideal gas conditions. Move through factor territory courses. Adiabatic frictional stream. Isothermal frictional stream (rudimentary treatment as it were). 6 Hours 2 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 100 UNIT 6: Flow of liquid past submerged bodies: Drag, Drag coefficient, Pressure drop †Kozeny-Carman condition, Blake-Plummer, Ergun condition, Fluidizaion, Conditions for fluidization, Minimum fluidization speed, Types of fluidization, 4 Hours Metering of liquids: Pipes, Fitting and valves, Measurement of fluid and gas stream rates by hole meter, venturi meter, rotameter and pitot tube. Hours UNIT 7: Flow through open channels †weirs and scores. 2 Hours Transportation of liquids: Elementary idea of target meter, vortex shedding meters, turbine meters, positive uprooting meters, attractive meters, coriolis meters and warm meters. Execution and attributes of siphons †positive uprooting and radial siphons. Fans, blower and blowers. 6 Hours UNIT 8: Dimensional examination: Dimensional ho mogeneity, Rayleigh’s and Buckingham’s II †techniques. Criticalness of various dimensionless numbers. Rudimentary treatment of comparability among model and model. 4 Hours Introduction to temperamental state stream: Time to discharge the fluid from a tank. 2 Hours Text Books: 1. Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, McCabe. W. L. , et. al. sixth edn. , McGraw Hill, New York, 2001. 2. Designing Fluid Mechanics, Kumar K. I. ,third Edition, Eurasia Publishing House (p) Ltd. , New Delhi,1984. Reference Books: 1. Synthetic Engineering, Vol. 1. , Coulson J. II and Richardson. J. F.. , fifth edn. , Asian Books (p) Ltd. , New Delhi, 1998. 2. Prologue to Chemical Engineering, Badger. W. I. , and Banchero J. T. , Tata McGraw Hill, New York, 1997. Compound PROCESS CALCULATIONS Subject Code No. of Lecture Hours/Week Total No. of Lecture Hours : 10CH33 : 04 : 52 PART †A UNIT 1: Units and measurements: Fundamental and determined units, Conversion. Dimensional consistency of conditions. Dimensionless gatherings and constants. Change of conditions. 6 Hours UNIT 2: Basic substance counts: Concept of mole, mole part. Structures of blends of solids, fluids and gases. Idea of ordinariness, molarity, molality, ppm. Utilization of semi-log, loglog, triangular charts. Perfect gas law figurings, 6 Hours UNIT 3: Vapor pressure ideas, dampness, mugginess graph, humidification and dehumidification, computation of stickiness. 7 Hours 3 IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 100 UNIT 4: Material equalization without response: General material parity condition for consistent and insecure state. Run of the mill consistent state material adjusts in refining, ingestion, extraction, crystallization, drying. 7 Hours PART †B UNIT 5: Steady state material parity for blending and vanishing. Rudimentary treatment of material adjusts including sidestep. Reuse and cleansing. 6 Hours UNIT 6: Steady state material offset with response: Principles of stoichiometry, Concept of restricting and abundance reactants and inerts, partial and rate change, fragmentary yield and rate yield, selectivity, related issues. 7 Hours UNIT 7: Ultimate and proximate examinations of powers, Calculations including burning of strong, fluid and vaporous powers, abundance air. 6 Hours UNIT 8: Energy balance: General consistent state vitality balance condition, Thermo material science. Thermo science and laws. Warmth limit. Enthalpy, Heat of arrangement, Heat of response, Heat of ignition and Calorific qualities. Warmth of arrangement. Warmth of blending, Heat of crystallization. Assurance of ? Hr at standard and raised temperatures, fire temperature. 7 Hours Text Books: Stoichiometry (SI Units), Bhatt B. L. what's more, Vora S. M, Third Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Ltd. , New Delhi, 1996. 2. Concoction Process Principles Part †I Material and Energy Balances, Hougen O. A. , Waston K. M. also, Ragatz R. A. second Edition, CBS distributers and wholesalers, New Delhi, 1995. 3. Fundamental Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering, Himmelblau D. M. , sixth Edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1997. 1. Specialized CHEMISTRY Subject Code No. of Lecture Hours/Week Total No. of Lecture Hours : 10CH34 : 04 : 52 PART †A UNIT 1: IA Marks Exam Hours Exam Marks : 25 : 03 : 100 4 Colligative properties: Concept of mole and mole portion. Colliga tive properties Meaning and types, Lowering of fume pressure, Raoult’s law articulation, constraints. Assurance of atomic load by bringing down of fume pressure, issues. Ostwald’s and Walker’s strategy, Elevation in breaking point of a dissolvable †deduction, Experimental assurance of sub-atomic load by ebulliscopic technique, issues. Isotonic arrangements †irregular sub-atomic weight. Assimilation and Osmotic weight Explanation of the terms, impact of fixation and temperature and concurrent impact of focus and temperature on osmotic weight. Assurance of sub-atomic weight Berkeley and Hartley’s technique and issues. Hours UNIT 2: Principles of

Monday, July 13, 2020

Phobias Related to the Winter Season

Phobias Related to the Winter Season Phobias Types Print Phobias Related to the Winter Season By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 05, 2019 Lynn Koenig/Moment/Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Winter means different things to different people. Many revel in the cold air, winter sports, and the holiday season. Some feel a sense of renewal as they huddle inside during the long, dark nights. For a surprisingly large number of us, however, winter is a season filled with dread, sadness and a fervent wish for spring to arrive. Winter-related phobias run the gamut from the fear of snow to the fear of being trapped. Fear of Cold The fear of cold, or cryophobia, is often worst during the winter months. Some people are afraid of cold air temperatures, while others fear touching cold objects. Cryophobia may stem from many different root causes  but is most often linked to a subjective perception of cold and negative associations with the sensation of cold. However, each person experiences temperatures differently, so the threshold for cold is different for everyone. Fear of Snow The fear of snow, or chionophobia, is often linked to other phobias. Those with fears of cold, severe weather, or water may be afraid of snowstorms even when they are at home. People with fears of driving, being trapped, or becoming contaminated are typically afraid only when they must go out in the snow. This fear ranges from mild to severe  and may be extremely life-limiting for those who live in colder climates. Fear of Air The relatively complicated anemophobia, or fear of air, may occur during all seasons. However, many people find that it is worst during winter, when the blowing wind is cold and miserable. Some people are afraid of gusty winds, other of drafty rooms. The fear may have many different causes, from the fear of losing control to the fear of illness. Fear of Winter Driving Winter driving causes nervousness and trepidation in many people, but for some, prudent caution escalates into full-blown terror. This fear is generally worst in those who have a more generalized driving phobia or another winter-related fear, but it may also manifest on its own. Those who are unfamiliar with winter driving conditions, such as people who suddenly move from a warm climate to a cold climate, may be at particular risk for developing this phobia. Fear of Being Trapped Although it is often confused with claustrophobia, the fear of being trapped is properly known as cleithrophobia. While people with claustrophobia are afraid of small spaces, those with cleithrophobia are specifically afraid of being locked or stuck in a small space. The phobia may be triggered year-round  but is often worst during the winter due to the small but real risk of becoming stuck in a snow bank or falling through thin ice. Cabin Fever Cabin fever is a collection of symptoms that may occur when people are stuck in one place for a long period of time. Famously portrayed in the 1977 Stephen King novel and 1980 film, The Shining, cabin fever is generally rooted in an intense fear of isolation. Violence, such as that shown in The Shining, is relatively rare and usually due to a pre-existing condition, but irritability, restlessness, depression and lack of motivation are common. Auroraphobia The fear of the Northern Lights, or auroraphobia, is an unusual but very real phobia. The fear is generally based on a larger phobia of astronomical phenomena. Astronomy and astrology have been heavily linked throughout history, and some astronomical fears are based on religious or doomsday phobias. In other cases, these fears are rooted in a generalized fear of the unknown. Managing Winter Phobias Like all phobias, winter phobias vary dramatically in their severity and the impact that they have on individual sufferers lives. For some people, education and exposure to the object of fear are sufficient to calm their concerns. More severe phobias, however, generally require professional guidance. Winter is a fact of life, but with hard work and assistance, it need not be a season to dread.

Wednesday, May 20, 2020

The History of the Sony Walkman

According to Sony, In 1979, an empire in personal portable entertainment was created with the ingenious foresight of Sony Founder and Chief Advisor, the late Masaru Ibuka, and Sony Founder and Honorary Chairman Akio Morita. It began with the invention of the first cassette Walkman TPS-L2 that forever changed the way consumers listen to music. The developers of the first Sony Walkman were Kozo Ohsone, general manager of the Sony Tape Recorder Business Division, and his staff, under the auspices and suggestions of Ibuka and Morita. Introduction of Cassette Tapes, a New Medium In 1963, Philips Electronics designed a new sound recording medium - the cassette tape. Philips patented the new technology in 1965 and made it available free of charge to manufacturers all over the world. Sony and other companies began designing new compact and portable tape recorders and players to take advantage of the cassette tapes smaller size. Sony Pressman Sony Walkman In 1978, Masaru Ibuka requested that Kozo Ohsone, general manager of the Tape Recorder Business Division, begin work on a stereo version of the Pressman, the small, monaural tape recorder that Sony had launched in 1977. Akio Moritas Reaction to the Modified Pressman This is the product that will satisfy those young people who want to listen to music all day. Theyll take it everywhere with them, and they wont care about record functions. If we put a playback-only headphone stereo like this on the market, itll be a hit. - Akio Morita, February 1979, Sony Headquarters Sony invented the compact and extremely lightweight H-AIR MDR3 headphones for their new cassette player. At that time, headphones weighed on average between 300 to 400 grams, the H-AIR headphones weighed just 50 grams with comparable sound quality. The name Walkman was a natural progression from Pressman. The Launch of the Sony Walkman On June 22, 1979, the Sony Walkman was launched in Tokyo. Journalists were treated to an unusual press conference. They were taken to Yoyogi (a major park in Tokyo) and given a Walkman to wear. According to Sony, The journalists listened to an explanation of the Walkman in stereo, while Sony staff members carried out various demonstrations of the product. The tape the journalists were listening to asked them to look at certain demonstrations, including a young man and woman listening to a Walkman while riding on a tandem bicycle. By 1995, total production of Walkman units reached 150 million and over 300 different Walkman models have been produced to date.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Melancholia Film †A Reaction Paper Free Essays

Melancholia is a film written and directed by Lars von Trier. It’s a film that tries to embrace the very persona of people of today’s generation. Being in a fast-paced world, most of us are being left out from the raging rapids of life, causing some to totally gone astray from the path where would lead to ultimate happiness. We will write a custom essay sample on Melancholia Film – A Reaction Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now The plot of the film mainly revolves around the last moments of the life lived by the two main characters, Justine and Claire, and how everything started with a bang (grandiose wedding) and ends with the boom (end of the world). More than anything, I believe the director wants to create awareness about mental health. As much as the film is about the end of the world, the author also gave great importance in portraying depression as a disease in itself rather than a state of mind, which can fully change the person both in thinking and in actions. This is seen the movie by how Justine eventually become, being happy with her wedding in the start and eventually fell into melancholy and somewhat lose her mind in the latter parts of the film. Despite being a slow-spaced movie, the film was able to pick up and display its greatness. With the use of symbolisms in the start of the movie which will eventually be unfolded and explained in the later parts of the film, the audience will truly appreciate and be mesmerized by the film. An example of such is when in the start of the film, we see a bride running while being held back by roots grabbing her ankles which will eventually mean Justine struggling with her mental illness. The director was also able to use comparison as a defining characteristic of the film, it was able to showcase two differing main characters of the film which heightened the story of the film. One character being all irrational and unbalanced and one being plain and adheres to standards. I was also impressed by how the director completely turned the plot of the story by stealthily hiding the main plot of the film and introducing it in the latter parts of the film. By doing this, although it made the film boring in the start (if one did not understand the slow-motion cinematics in the introduction), it eventually picked up and made a beautiful yet chaotic ending that no one expects to have. The cinematography of the film was also not cheap, and the sound arrangement was really good, I appreciated the use of classical music in the film specially in the climax of the film as it somehow gave a frightening feeling as the music volume up and faded as the movie comes to an end. I’ve also appreciated how the director was able to portray the reversal of roles of Justine and Claire when accepting the fact that the world will end. I was also able to appreciate and was surprised to see hints of morality being portrayed in the film. A prime example of this is when Justine had a sex with a stranger even though she was getting married. In this we see how Justine drive by her evil passions committed such an indecent act and which was considered to be morally wrong. Another example that I could find in the film related to morality is when the characters realized that the end of the world is near, one of the characters, specifically John, Claire’s husband choose to end his own life. Although their actions are reasonable, taking one’s own life is a cowardly way to face the truth and reality of life. In totality, I believe the film is great, once you understand the hidden meanings and the development of the plot, one can appreciate it. Although it might be somewhat boring and confusing for some, I was able to enjoy it. If there is anything that I would change about the film it is about how unrealistic the film really is, not in the sense about the end of the world which I agree with the writer himself, but how it is being unfolded. It feels like the author dwell to much in the exposition eventually rushing the climax and denouement. Additionally, the author left out the rising action part of the plot, it feels like the last part of the movie were rushed and skipped to the climax. However, I believe that this imperfection is what made his movie great, it made it his own charms. How to cite Melancholia Film – A Reaction Paper, Papers

Thursday, April 23, 2020

The Use of the Word Love Essay Example For Students

The Use of the Word Love Essay Six months after I met a young man, he expressed to me how much he loved me. Being sixteen years old, I thought it to be very flattering but I could not accept him saying this to me. The word, love in the romantic sense, is something that would take so much out of me to say to a person. Love is something that you express to someone that you can not, in any way, see living your life without. The last time I saw the young man who supposedly loved me, was on my seventeenth birthday when he told me I was a waste of his time. Love is the strongest emotion and most powerful word anyone can say to someone else. Some people use the word love everyday as though it is not as big of a deal as it really is. We will write a custom essay on The Use of the Word Love specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Jewels song, Always, illustrates a definition of love. The first line of the song totally defines love in the same way I do with, Please dont say I love you, those words touch me much too deeply. With this one line, my entire definition of love is presented. There are other things people can love: a pet, family members, certain kinds of food but these are all loved by a different kind of love. There are millions of ways you can love, but this kind of love does not happen all the time to a person. It is the kind of love that is not there at the beginning, but grows inside you. This kind of love is for another person that you can not see your life without, even though at one time it was without that person. To express this to someone is to propose to commit your life to that other person. The other person may not feel the same way and that is why it is hard to accept someone saying that. One expressing their love to another is the greatest compliment one could ever receive for they are wanted in someone elses life forever. There are some people that do not understand the meaning of love and use it all the time as though it was just some word that makes people happy. The young man who told me he loved me also told me a month later that I was a waste of his time. He is an example of someone using the word just to make others or even himself happy. I watched the soap opera, Sunset Beach, and every other character is telling someone else how much they love them, but they also change who they love on a weekly basis. I also watched a character ask her husband if he would just learn to love her. There is no way that someone could learn to love anyone when love is an emotion that is already inside a person but does not come out until one finds someone they really love. This representation of love is so misleading  that some people may never know what love is really like for they are deceived by television shows like this. I also watched the movie, Titanic, which was referred to as one of the greatest love stories ever. The character of Rose is in love with another man who she is about to marry. She then meets Jack and she no longer knows if she loves her fiancee for this new man seems so much better. No one could possibly grow love for another after only knowing each other for a day. This is another misleading representation of love where people will begin to think that someone that made them happy is the love of their life. This movie would be a great love story if something like this was possible but for something that is immensely fiction, it is something nice to watch, not to believe in. Due to love being the greatest compliment, everybody wants to experience it at least one time in their life. .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee , .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee .postImageUrl , .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee , .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee:hover , .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee:visited , .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee:active { border:0!important; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee:active , .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc5f6f955aeee29aef6cfaff561bd51ee:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Traditions have always had a substantial effect on the lives of human beings, and always will EssaySome people take it however they can, where others are almost incapable of it. The way Jewel defines love in her song is the way people should think of love: as words that touch one too deeply. Love is not something to try to rush into, for everyone will experience love sometime in their life. Those that do not understand what love really is and express to anyone that they love them, will be stuck in a dream world that is supported by soap operas and fictional movies. If one does not go out looking to love, then they may possibly find their love that they would do anything to be with.

Tuesday, March 17, 2020

Practice in Supporting a Topic Sentence with Specific Details

Practice in Supporting a Topic Sentence with Specific Details AÂ  topic sentence contains the main idea upon which a paragraph is developed. Often it appears at (or near) the beginning of a paragraph, introducing the main idea and suggesting the direction that the paragraph will take. What follows a topic sentence are a number of supporting sentences that develop the main idea with specific details. Practice Excercise Here is an effective topic sentence for a descriptive paragraph: My most valuable possession is an old, slightly warped, blond guitar- the first instrument that I ever taught myself how to play. This sentence not only identifies the prized belonging (an old, slightly warped, blond guitar) but also suggests why the writer values it (the first instrument that I ever taught myself how to play). Some of the sentences below support this topic sentence with specific descriptive details. Others, however, offer information that would be inappropriate in a unified descriptive paragraph. Read the sentences carefully, and then pick out only those that support the topic sentence with precise descriptive details. When youre done, compare your responses with the suggested answers below: It is a Madeira folk guitar, all scuffed and scratched and finger-printed.My grandparents gave it to me on my thirteenth birthday.I think they bought it at the Music Lovers Shop in Rochester where they used to live.At the top is a bramble of copper-wound strings, each one hooked through the eye of a silver tuning key.Although copper strings are much harder on the fingers than nylon strings, they sound much better than the nylon ones.The strings are stretched down a long slim neck.The frets on the neck are tarnished, and the wood has been worn down by years of fingers pressing chords.It was three months before I could even tune the guitar properly, and another few months before I could manage the basic chords.You have to be very patient when first learning how to play the guitar.You should set aside a certain time each day for practice.The body of the Madeira is shaped like an enormous yellow pear, one that has been slightly damaged in shipping.A guitar can be awkward to hold, particu larly if it seems bigger than you are, but you need to learn how to hold it properly if youre ever going to play it right. I usually play sitting down because its more comfortable that way.The blond wood has been chipped and gouged to gray, particularly where the pick guard fell off years ago.I have a Gibson now and hardly ever play the Madeira any more. Suggested Answers The following sentences support the topic sentence with precise descriptive details: 1. It is a Madeira folk guitar, all scuffed and scratched and finger-printed. 4. At the top is a bramble of copper-wound strings, each one hooked through the eye of a silver tuning key. 6. The strings are stretched down a long slim neck. 7. The frets on the neck are tarnished, and the wood has been worn down by years of fingers pressing chords. 11. The body of the Madeira is shaped like an enormous yellow pear, one that has been slightly damaged in shipping. 14. The blond wood has been chipped and gouged to gray, particularly where the pick guard fell off years ago.